NDT Technology

NDT Technology

The use of industrial radiography in troubleshooting and diagnosing the structure of electronic boards for reverse engineering

Document Type : Original Article

Authors
1 Reactor and Nuclear Safety Research School, Nuclear Science and Technology Research Institute, AEOI, Tehran, Iran.
2 Department of Physics, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran
3 Department of Physics, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Imam Khomeini International University, Qazvin, Iran.
Abstract
X-ray imaging of electronic boards is widely used in reverse engineering to identify circuits, how they are connected, and their damage. In this method, by passing the X-ray through single or multi-layer boards, the way they are connected and how the parts are arranged are determined. Investigations show that due to the scattering of X-rays and the thinness of the copper connections on the boards and the small dimensions of the electronic components, there is fogging in the radiographs. In this research, to increase the contrast, the modified complete change method (MTV) with alternating gradient, which is an iterative method based on gradient changes in complete changes, has been used. The results show that with the implementation of the MTV algorithm on the radiographs of different ranges, the contrast has increased and besides the copper connections have become clearer, the internal components of the electronic components have also become clearer. According to experts, about 20 to 40% contrast improvement can be seen in reconstructed images. This information can be used to repair or build boards in reverse engineering.
Keywords: Industrial Radiography, Reverse Engineering, Electronic Board, Modified Total Variation method, Image Processing.
Abstract:
X-ray imaging of electronic boards is widely used in reverse engineering to identify circuits, how they are connected, and their damage. In this method, by passing the X-ray through single or multi-layer boards, the way they are connected and how the parts are arranged are determined. Investigations show that due to the scattering of X-rays and the thinness of the copper connections on the boards and the small dimensions of the electronic components, there is fogging in the radiographs. In this research, to increase the contrast, the modified complete change method (MTV) with alternating gradient, which is an iterative method based on gradient changes in complete changes, has been used. The results show that with the implementation of the MTV algorithm on the radiographs of different ranges, the contrast has increased and besides the copper connections have become clearer, the internal components of the electronic components have also become clearer. According to experts, about 20 to 40% contrast improvement can be seen in reconstructed images. This information can be used to repair or build boards in reverse engineering.
Keywords: Industrial Radiography, Reverse Engineering, Electronic Board, Modified Total Variation method, Image Processing.
Keywords

Subjects


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  • Receive Date 24 July 2024
  • Revise Date 08 September 2024
  • Accept Date 09 October 2024