In this study, an approach is presented for evaluating the volumetric content and examining the internal structure of aerosol spray cans with varying dimensions, shapes, and filling volumes using X-ray radiography. Conventional industrial methods are primarily based on measuring the net weight of the product after subtracting the packaging weight. Although such methods are useful for determining the quantity of material in terms of mass, they do not provide precise and comprehensive information regarding the actual volumetric content, the percentage of filling, the detailed distribution of liquid and gas phases, or the condition and integrity of internal structural components of the cans. These limitations often result in quality assessment and production monitoring relying almost exclusively on weight-based measurements, which are frequently insufficient in many critical industrial situations. To address this challenge, the present study employs a transmission digital radiography (DR) system based on X-ray imaging, specially designed, carefully constructed, and rigorously calibrated within the radiation laboratory. This advanced method enables complete, non-destructive visualization and thorough inspection of the internal space of the can, allowing the accurate determination of phase boundaries, precise identification of potential defects, detailed assessment of filling uniformity, and comprehensive analysis of the internal structure and constituent components with exceptionally high precision. To evaluate the performance and reliability of the system, five aerosol spray cans with different volumes, dimensions, and physical characteristics were examined using X-ray radiography, and the obtained results were analyzed in both qualitative and the quantitative terms. The findings clearly demonstrated that X-ray radiography provides significantly more accurate volumetric information and a more comprehensive structural analysis when compared to conventional weight-based techniques. This advanced method is not only highly effective for quality control purposes but also contributes substantially to standardization efforts and the overall improvement and optimization of production processes in the aerosol manufacturing industry.