نشریه فناوری آزمون‌های غیرمخرب

نشریه فناوری آزمون‌های غیرمخرب

مروری بر تکنیک‏های بازرسی غیر‏مخرب برای پره‏های توربین بادی

نوع مقاله : مقاله فنی

نویسنده
گروه پژوهشی مواد غیرفلزی، پژوهشگاه نیرو، تهران، ایران
چکیده
پره‏ها نقش حیاتی در عملکرد سیستم توربین بادی دارند. با این حال، آنها مستعد آسیب ناشی از بارگذاری پیچیده و نامنظم هستند که باعث تخریب فاجعه‌بار می‌شوند و نگهداری از آنها پرهزینه است. نقص یا آسیب به پره‏های توربین بادی (WTB) نه تنها طول عمر و راندمان تولید برق توربین بادی را کاهش می‏دهد، بلکه باعث افزایش خطاهای نظارتی، خطرات ایمنی و هزینه‏های تعمیر و نگهداری می‏شود. بنابراین، تشخیص آسیب WTB‏ها برای جلوگیری از خرابی، برنامه‏ریزی تعمیر و نگهداری و پایداری عملیات توربین‏های بادی از اهمیت بالایی برخوردار است. این مقاله مروری جامع از تکنیک‌های پیشرفته تشخیص آسیب WTBها، از جمله بسیاری از روش‌های به روز شده مبتنی بر اندازه‌گیری کرنش، نشر آوایی، روش فراصوتی، ارتعاش، دمانگاری و بینایی ماشین را ارائه می‌کند. با توسعه رویکردهای بینایی ماشین و پردازش تصویر، فناوری تشخیص مبتنی بر بینایی ماشین به یک تکنیک امیدوارکننده و اصلی برای تشخیص آسیب سطحی و اندازه‌گیری تغییر شکل WTBها بدلیل کم‌هزینه بودن، کارکرد آسان و عدم نیاز به دانش قبلی در مورد موقعیت‏های آسیب تبدیل می‌شود. در این مقاله مروری ابتدا، به آسیب‏های معمولی WTB‏ها به طور جامع معرفی می‏شوند. در مرحله دوم، اصول تشخیص، روش‌های توسعه، مزایا و معایب تکنیک‌های فوق‌الذکر برای بازرسی پره‏ها بررسی می‌شوند. روند تشخیص آسیب در توربین‌های بادی به سمت روش‌هایی است که قابلیت‌های کامل، دوربرد، بدون تماس، غیرمخرب، بی‌سیم و نظارت آنلاین را دارند. تشخیص به موقع آسیب‌های پره و ارزیابی مستمر سلامت ساختاری توربین‌های بادی از اهمیت روزافزونی برخوردار است. این مقاله مروری به یک ایده جدید برای طراحی و ادغام برداشت‌کننده‌های انرژی و روش‌های تشخیص آسیب WTB، که در آن دستگاه‌ها به صورت خودکار و بی‌سیم هستند، پیشنهاد می‌کند. در نهایت، جهت‌های تحقیقاتی بالقوه، تکنیک‌های تشخیص آسیب WTB را از طریق تجزیه و تحلیل مقایسه‌ای مورد بررسی قرار داده و نتیجه‌گیری می‌شود. انتظار می‌رود که این بررسی دستورالعمل‌هایی را برای بازرسی‌های عملی WTB و همچنین چشم‌اندازهای تحقیقاتی برای تکنیک‌های تشخیص آسیب را ارائه کند.
کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله English

A review of non-destructive inspection techniques inspection for wind turbine blades

نویسنده English

Majid Mirzaee
Nonmetal group, Niroo Research Institute, Tehran, Iran.
چکیده English

Blades play a vital role in the performance of wind turbine systems. However, they are prone to damage from complex and irregular loading, which can lead to catastrophic degradation and costly maintenance. Defects or damage to wind turbine blades (WTBs) not only reduce the lifetime and efficiency of wind turbine electricity generation but also increase monitoring errors, safety hazards, and maintenance costs. Therefore, damage detection for WTBs is of high importance for preventing failures, planning maintenance, and ensuring the operational stability of wind turbines. This review article provides a comprehensive overview of advanced damage detection techniques for WTBs, including many updated methods based on strain measurement, acoustic emission, ultrasound, thermography, and machine vision. With the development of machine vision approaches and image processing technology, machine vision-based detection has become a promising and primary technique for detecting surface damage and measuring the deformation of WTBs [28] due to its low cost, ease of operation, and no need for prior knowledge about damage locations. In this review article, common damages to WTBs are introduced comprehensively at first. In the second stage, the principles of detection, development methods, advantages, and disadvantages of the aforementioned techniques for blade inspection are examined. The trend in damage detection in wind turbines is moving towards methods that offer full capabilities, long-range, contactless, non-destructive, wireless, and online monitoring. Timely detection of blade damage and continuous assessment of the structural health of wind turbines are increasingly important. This review article proposes a new idea for the design and integration of energy harvesters and WTB damage detection methods, in which the devices are automatic and wireless. Finally, potential research directions, and WTB damage detection techniques through comparative analysis, are reviewed and concluded. This review is expected to provide guidelines for practical WTB inspections as well as research perspectives for damage detection techniques.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

Wind Turbine Blades
Acoustic emission
Vibration
Thermography
Machine vision
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  • تاریخ دریافت 26 مرداد 1403
  • تاریخ بازنگری 25 شهریور 1403
  • تاریخ پذیرش 26 مهر 1403